When a Push Notification gets sent, if a part of a message is included in the Push Notification, that part of the message gets revealed to the Push Service (that part of the message gets revealed to Google or Apple):
https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/s/8FhLHghM0X
It is therefore recommended that no part of the message be included in a Push Notification. Instead, the “data” portion of the Push Notification should always be set to a generic message for all of the users for every message. Something like: “New Jami message.”
If a part of a message gets included in Push Notifications, then the communication service cannot truthfully be labelled as end-to-end encrypted.